1. Tell what age babies learn to talk, sit, stand, crawl, and walk.
2. Tell what cruising is and when babies do it.
3. Tell when and how to wean a baby off the bottle or breastfeeding.
4. Tell when to switch from breast milk and formula to cow’s milk.
5. Tell why babies exhibit a tremendous curiosity and exploration during the 9-15 month stage.
6. Tell when babies begin to learn the concept of cause and effect.
7. Tell what stranger anxiety is and when babies may develop it.
8. Tell why toddlers need less sleep than infants.
9. Tell at what age toddlers are likely to display temper tantrums.
10. Describe how to handle temper tantrums.
11. Describe when and how to approach potty training.
12. Describe three signs that your child may have special needs physically.
13. Describe where to get assistance and information on children with special needs.

Activities:

Love and Logic    First Weeks of Life    The Terrible Twos Can Be Terrific    Child Development    When It's Time for Potty Training    Temper Tantrums

PAYA    Module 5: Older Babies and Toddlers    Module 5: Older Babies and Toddlers    Module 5: Older Babies and Toddlers - Stimulations    Module 5: Children Ages 2 Through 5

What To Expect    Toddler - Developmental Milestones    Toddler - Separation Anxiety    Toddler - Weaning    Toddler - Sleep Requirements    Toddler - Language Development    Toddler - Self Feeding    Toddler - Curiosity    Toddler - Tantrums    Toddler - All About Toilet Learning    Toddler - Your Special Needs Child

Web Resources    Bright Future: What Can Your Child Do?    Parents Magazine    Parent Soup    The American Academy of Pediatrics    The Parent Center/Baby Center

1. Describe why all children learn at their own pace.
2. Tell at what age children usually begin to reason and engage in imaginary play.
3. Tell at what age children begin to distinguish right from wrong.
4. Describe how to encourage development of fine and gross motor skills.
5. Tell at what age most children start to read.
6. Tell at what age most children start to develop friendships with other children.
7. Describe at least four tasks children ages 2-5 should be able to do (e.g., get self dressed).

Activities:

Love and Logic    The Terrible Two's Can Be Terrific    Three Years and Beyond

PAYA    Module 5: Children Ages 2 Through 5

What To Expect    Toddler - Friendship    Toddler - Development    Toddler - Imaginary Play

Web Resources    Bright Futures: What Can Your Child Do?    Bright Futures: Fears In Early Childhood    Parents Magazine    Parent Soup    The American Academy of Pediatrics    The Parent Center/Baby Center

1. Describe the difference between discipline and punishment.
2. Describe how to discipline a child without hitting or yelling at him/her.
3. Describe the relationship between discipline and consistency.
4. Describe why positive reinforcement (using rewards) encourages good behavior more than punishment.
5. Demonstrate setting appropriate limits without physical or emotional punishment.
6. Demonstrate discipline by using “time out.”
7. Describe the relationship between decisions/choices and consequences.
8. Name three logical consequences, which you could enforce, to common misbehaviors like tantrums or not cleaning up (e.g., “when you leave your toys out, they will be put in the closet until you show you can clean up your play area”).
9. Tell why toddlers need firm guidance combined with permission to explore a safe environment.
10. Demonstrate providing choices to your child when making decisions that affect him/her (e.g., would you like to wear the blue coat or the red one).

Activities:

Love and Logic    Three Common Myths About Discipline    Three Years and Beyond    Love Them Enough to Take Care Of Yourself    Give Your Children an Advantage in Life    Bedroom Time    Enforceable Statements    Turning Misbehavior into Wisdom    What Does An Appropriate Consequence Look Like?

PAYA    Module 5: Children Ages 2 Through 5    Module 5: Older Babies and Toddlers    Module 5: Older Babies and Toddlers

What To Expect    Toddler - Disciplining Your Toddler    Toddler - Chores

Web Resources    Bright Futures: How to Help Families Stop Spanking    Bright Futures: Principles of Limit Setting    Bright Futures: Time Out    Girls and Boys Town    The American Academy of Pediatrics

1. Describe why toddlers enjoy books with bright and simple pictures.
2. Tell what kind of toys, games and field trips children ages 2-5 enjoy.
3. Demonstrate playing with child daily.
4. Tell at what age children begin to enjoy playmates and play cooperatively.
5. Provide playmates for toddlers.
6. Describe why inactive (e.g., reading, pretending) and active play (running, climbing, jumping, swinging and leaping), are all necessary for a toddler’s development.

Activities:

PAYA    Module 5: Older Babies and Toddlers    Module 5: Older Babies and Toddlers - Stimulations/Toys    Module 5: Children Ages 2 Through 5    Module 5: Children Ages 2 Through 5 - Stimulation

What To Expect    Toddler - Play    Toddler - Toys    Toddler - Books    Toddler - Playmates

Web Resources    Parents Magazine    The American Academy of Pediatrics    The Parent Center/Baby Center